Call Centers
These places usually contain many computers that representatives use to answer incoming calls. But instead of having to deal with desktop support of troubled computers, Chrome OS combined with specialized web applications seems like much more hassle-free way of managing all of those PCs. The machines can be remotely reset if there is a problem, or even quickly replaced.
Retail
Retail registers and kiosks don't need to have complicated computers running their operations. There is probably more of an effort made here by administrators to make sure that these types of machines are properly locked down. With Chrome OS, there's nothing to try and circumvent and the machine stays locked down and reliable for the task it is for - nothing else.
Education
Astoria High School in Astoria, Oregon was selected by Google to test Chrome OS in their district. The company distributed laptops to every student to see how they would be used in a school setting.
Chrome OS is low-cost, very mobile and simple for everyone to use. That makes it a perfect solution for educational purposes and available for all students.
Hotels
Being able to access the internet during a hotel stay is an important amenity. With a Chrome notebook in every room you could log in to your Google Account securely by using the operating system's guest mode that will allow you to stay up to date with email and other information. When you sign out of guest mode your personal information will be wiped from the device as if you were never there.
In the Field
For workers that are on the go it's common that they will need a device that has a keyboard. This makes it hard sometimes for them to carry along a tablet because it can be very hard to type things out in long form. A Chrome laptop might be the ideal solution for in the field because of it's full screen and standard keyboard. Plus, data is backed up in the cloud and there are no major issues if it gets lost.
Conferences
When you go to a conference you need a PC that is just going to work and does well anywhere you might take it. Having a wireless 3G modem built in helps, which come standard on all Chrome OS laptops. In what is perhaps a great example of Google putting their own products to the test, they're using their own Chrome OS notebook, called the Cr-48, at their 2011 Google I/O conference to register attendees.